Водопотребление овощных культур в нечерноземной зоне России

Abstract

The subject of research is the development of a method for calculating the total water consumpt ion of vegetable crops, aimed at increasing the accuracy of its determination, in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia, and saving water resources. The object of these studies are sod-podzolic soils and soil moisture, vegetable crops. Scientifi c research was carried out in lysimeters, on experimental plots and in the laboratory, in years with different meteorological conditions. Physical modeling, the method of water balance, the theory of groundwater fl ow and mathematical statistics were used in the processing and analysis of scientifi c research. Experiments in lysimeters in plots in 2010… 2015, served as the basis for the development of a formula for determining the total water consumption of vegetable crops. At the same time, empirical coeffi cients for this equation were obtained, characterizing the type of soils and the climatic zone. Biological coeffi cients for stem beets, potatoes, table carrots have been established, as well as coeffi cients depending on soil moisture when it decreases below the optimal values for these crops. A decrease in the total water consumption of vegetable crops at the beginning and end of the growing season was determined. A graph of the dependence of the actual total water consumption of the crops under consideration Ef (data from experimental plots) with the calculated Ep according to the formula is given, showing a close relationship between the considering features. A formula has been developed that we recommend using to determine the water consumption of vegetable crops in the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia.