Ексергетична ефективність теплоутилізаторів різного типу для скловарних печей

Abstract

Ensuring the high efficiency of the exhaust gases heat recovery systems of glassmaking furnaces requires studying the exergy efficiency of the heat exchange equipment included in these systems. The work is devoted to the analysis of the exergy efficiency of heat recovery equipment of various types for these systems. The results of studies of exergy indicators of heat exchangers using two heat-transfer agents – water and air are presented. The design features of these heat exchangers and their modular design principle are presented. According to the designs of heat exchangers, the possibility of using the structural-modular principle by the analysis of the effectiveness of heat exchangers is determined. Exergy properties that reflect the essence of exergy methods: universality and additivity, allowed in the analysis of efficiency to use a complex approach based on exergy analysis methods. Optimization problems for the investigated heat exchangers using the said methods in combination with statistical methods of experiment planning theory are solved. The calculation of exergy losses for separate parts (modules) of heat exchangers and for heat exchangers as a whole using the integrated balance method of exergy analysis was carried out. The target functions of optimization were the heat-exergy and exergy-technological efficiency criteria. The research results showed that both the exergy-technological and the heat-exergy efficiency for the water-heating heat exchanger are 1.1…1.2 times less than for the air-heating heat exchanger. This indicates a higher exergy efficiency of the water-heating equipment of heat recovery systems in comparison with air-heating. At the same time, water-heating heat exchangers allowing to increase the coefficient the use heat of fuel of furnace by 15…25 %, and air-heating heat exchangers by only 10…15 %. Despite the lower heat and exergy efficiency of water-heating heat exchangers, a number of important factors can determine their competitiveness in the heat recovery technologies of glassmaking furnaces. The advisability of using water- or air-heating equipment in heat recovery technologies is determined by many factors, the main of which is the need of a glass enterprise for the heat energy supplied with an appropriate heat-transfer agent, the seasonality of applying this heat-transfer agent, the technical possibility and economic efficiency of constructing a heat recovery system. The results of studies of the exergy efficiency of water-heating and air-heating heat exchangers can be used in the design of heat recovery technologies designed to heat water and air for various needs.