ПОДДЕРЖКА ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ НА РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СТАДИЯХ ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА

Abstract

The article discusses the problems of maintaining and stimulating entrepreneurial activity in territories of various stadial affiliation, first of all, in emergency situations in order to preserve their efficiency, stability and vitality. As you know, in the context of increasing external instability and the spread of a new coronavirus infection in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, small and medium-sized businesses, a significant part of which were engaged in providing services to the population, suffered the most. The prolonged lockdown had a negative impact on the economic performance of small businesses, development opportunities, and the employment of workers in them. The article analyzes the dynamics of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The trend of reduction since 2018 of both the total number of small and medium-sized businesses and the number of employees employed in them is shown. Analysis of the situation in small business showed that there have been not only quantitative, but also structural changes in the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Belarus. In the current situation, the process of re-registration of small enterprises of the republic into individual entrepreneurs and micro-enterprises was initiated, due to their more competitive tax parameters in the current conditions and the possibility of reducing personnel to minimum values. The study shows significant improvements in the business climate in the Republic of Bashkortostan in recent years. At the end of 2019, in accordance with the Index of Administrative Pressure - 2020, the republic took 11th place among 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, having risen from 38th place over the year, which is due to a significant simplification of registration procedures, the introduction of the institution of “self-employed” on the territory of the republic, and other innovations. Nevertheless, at present, small business in the republic has not overcome the consequences of the economic crisis caused by an unfavorable epidemiological situation. The crisis is changing the forms of employment, it is becoming remote, remote, non-standard, online professions appear. The traditional mechanism of entrepreneurs' actions in conditions of deteriorating economic conditions is described. The author analyzes the measures taken by the SMEs themselves in the territories of various stages of the life cycle, in particular, the transition to Internet commerce and the state (three packages of support measures in the Republic of Belarus) to continue activities in the context of the coronavirus crisis. The article substantiates the urgency of developing a mechanism to stimulate entrepreneurial activity in emergency situations in the territories of the ascending and descending stages of the life cycle.