一、出生體重及懷孕週數別新生兒及嬰兒死亡率 二、探討陶斯松暴露對胎兒成長及神經行為發展之影響

Abstract

Background: Pesticides were widespread used all over the world. They were substances that were used to prevent or destroy pests, and were wildly used in agriculture on crops, and at homes for pest control. More than five hundred kinds of pesticides were licensed for use in Taiwan, and more than ten thousands metric tons of pesticides were applied annually. Organophosphates were the largest amount of used pesticides in Taiwan in 2003, and chlorpyrifos was the most one. These pesticides were used indoors and outdoors in either urban or rural areas, and could be found in food, water, agricultures, homes, schools, and parks. In the indoor settings, they could still remain stable for days or weeks; for example, chlorpyrifos could persist for at least two weeks after spreading. The potential health effect was still unknown, and exploring the health effect was important. Only three recent studies in the U.S. had reported inconsistent and slight effect on birth weight, head circumference, birth length and gestational age. The effect for neurodevelopment on human study was absence and not concluded. Thus, the aim of the study was to explore the risk of organophosphate pesticides on fetal growth and neurodevelopment. Material and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional in design. The study populations were the mothers who gave births in Taipei between August 2004 and January 2005 and their infants. A total of 81 pregnancy women were included in the study. To control potential risk factors for adverse birth outcomes, we excluded women if they were younger than 18 years old or older then 40 years old, or had the history of cigarette smoking. We enrolled them before delivery, interviewed by a structured questionnaire, and collected mother’s blood and urine and umbilical cord blood and analysis chlorpyrifos concentration in cord blood. We shall use multiple regression models to explore the effect of chlorpyrifos exposure on birth outcomes and neurodevelopment. Results: For multiple linear regression models, we found that the associations between birth length and birth weight and cord plasma chlorpyrifos were significantly. For multiple logistic regression models, we found that the associations between birth length and small for gestational age (SGA) and cord plasma chlorpyrifos were significantly.