Цифровой двойник: история возникновения и перспективы развития

Abstract

In the modern world, with the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, enterprises are striving to increase the level of efficiency of their activities through the introduction of new generation information technologies that are actively gaining popularity. The use of such technologies allows companies to increase the efficiency of production and management processes. A digital twin is a virtual model of a physical object that helps high-tech enterprises enter a new stage of technological development and increase their competitiveness in the market. The article discusses the stages of development of this technology, starting from the moment the concept was born as an idea, and up to its application in various industries at the present time. The main purpose of this article is to assess the prospects for the development of the concept of digital twins based on the study of its origin and evolution of development. The paper analyzes scientific works on the digitalization of the economy and, in particular, the development of digital twin technology. The article provides an overview of the emergence and development of the concept of digital twins, and considers the experience of its implementation in industry. In addition, the level of technology development to date is analyzed and an idea is formed about the further prospects for the development of technology, based on the conclusions obtained based on the analysis of the history of the concept. The main results of the work are to form a chronology of the development of the concept and to identify the potential for further distribution and popularization of the use of digital twin technology. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that in view of the actively developing field of information technology and the digitalization of the economy, in the near future the popularity of digital twins will only increase. Businesses looking to streamline internal processes and advance to the next level of technological development will increasingly adopt the technology as current results from companies already adopting digital twin technology speak to their effectiveness and value to operational outcomes. Key words: digital twin, industry 4.0, information technology, virtual space, digitalization, digital transformation.