Методичні аспекти вивчення біографії письменників у початкових класах

Abstract

The article reveals the problem of acquaintance of the elementary world applicants with the elements of biography of writers whose works are readily presented in the curriculum of literary education. Drawing on the scientific and methodological work of domestic and foreign researchers, the methods of studying the biography of writers, in particular, the traditional methods and methods of working with such a genre in lessons in elementary classes, as well as ways to avoid the uniqueness and interest, because each to the life and work of an outstanding person for a younger student should be a thrilling event, an emotionally intense discovery. In the text of the article the principles of organization of work with biography facts in the elementary school school course are explained. In particular, the focus is on the principles of concentricity and linearity. It is noted that concentric construction of the material is more acceptable for the elementary elementary level of secondary education, since it implies a certain cumulative effect of acquaintance with the facts of artists' lives. Attention is also focused on other important principles of studying the writers' biographies: the principle of historicism, the principle of relevance, the principle of psychologism, the principle of aesthetism. In addition, a description of the main ways to familiarize children with biographical and historical and biographical materials: teacher's story, story based on transparency (presentations, thematic magazines, exhibitions of animals, etc.), movie lessons, conversation, literary excursion. In addition, studying biography of artists can be used as a way of solving a reading problem that is currently relevant. The necessity to use non-standard approaches to the study of biographical materials is justified: lesson-travel, lesson-role-playing, lesson-fairy-tale, lesson-performance, lesson of wisdom, confession, lesson-“telemist”, lesson-creative workshop, etc. It is also noted that the study of biographies of eminent artists is extremely valuable material for reflection, because it is based on worldview, moral, ethical and national aspects.