СТРУКТУРА ТА ТИПОЛОГІЯ СУЧАСНОГО ГЕОПОЛІТИЧНОГО ПРОСТОРУ

Abstract

In the conditions of growth of polysubjectiveness of geopolitical processes and activation of influence on them from non-system political actors, the geopolitical structure of the world and its spatial organiza- tion are rapidly changing. The role of the incompetent observer of a new geopolitical spatialization for a given state actually marginalizes it among other geopolitical players. A timely scientific reflection of today's changes in geopolitical space is necessary to prevent these undesirable processes.. This will potentially provide states that are engaged in this task, a high starting position to increase the degree of their geopo- litical subjectness.Theoretical justification of the typology and structure of geopolitical space has always borne the imprint of the socio-economic structure that determines the general principles of the life of society and the specific features of the process of state building in this or that period of development. Now there is no com- mon understanding of the typologization of modern geopolitical space. This is due to its high dynamism, changes in the socio-economic life, its resource provision, and the like.At the time of its formation (to the XIX century - the first half of the 20th century) geopolitics considered the geopolitical space as physical from the point of view of its two main types – continental and maritime, based on the geographical determination of the world and the industrial socio-economic structure of that time. Then the main type of production resources were natural and natural-social, located in geographical space. In the postindustrial era, new sources of energy and new production materials (including artificial ones) appear the specific weight of the intellectual resource increases. This ensures high effective- ness of the process of creating new materials, information as such. This, in turn, provides an opportunity for states to be competitive not only due to quantitative indicators of physical and geographical resources, but also their qualitative characteristics. Such cardinal changes in the social and economic order lead to the dominance of social space. The physical space, although it loses some of its priority positions, but does not disappear (for example, air and space are updated) and continues to function under conditions of another spastic balance, within which several types of geopolitical space develop simultaneously.Modern researchers consider the geopolitical space a complex multidimensional phenomenon, intowhich its types are integrated, such as geographic, economic, information-ideological, information-cybernetic. In our opinion, the typology of the geopolitical space should be broadened by the addition of cognitive, mental, virtual and other types of geopolitical spatiality, which is the subject of our further scientificresearch. Each of the types of geopolitical space is, on the one hand, relatively autonomous, but, on the other hand, they densely intersect each other, thereby forming a complex-structured integrity of the spatial organization of the world. The synergistic effect of interaction of all these types of geopolitical spatiality causes turbulent shifts within the overall configuration of the world structure. However, studies of the struc- tural organization of each of the types of geopolitical space make the maximum possible strategic forecasting of changes in non-linear, multilevel geopolitical processes.