ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ВЛАДИ В СУЧАСНІЙ КИТАЙСЬКІЙ НАРОДНІЙ РЕСПУБЛІЦІ

Abstract

The article highlights the peculiarities of the organization and functioning of government in the modern People’s Republic of China. The formation and activity of central and local authorities, features of the electoral system and the role of the Communist Party in the administration of the PRC are considered. It was found that all local authorities (people’s assemblies and executive bodies) are part of a single vertical of power under the leadership of the National People’s Congress (parliament) and the State Council (government). In turn, both central and local authorities are under the supervision of committees of the Communist Party of China at various levels. At the same time, the party’s control is the tightest in the central authorities, the highest echelons of local authorities, and much weaker on the periphery in the lower echelons of local authorities. It was revealed that the positions of head of state, general secretary of the CPC, and chairman of the Central Military Commission are in the hands of one person (currently Xi Jinping), who actually has power over the country. At the same time, there is an agreement that at the local level party and state positions should be separated. In general, the system of managing society in the PRC is built in such a way that the party works in parallel with the state and is woven into all levels of state power. It has been established that elections in the PRC take place only at the local level, not at the national level, and their competitiveness is limited by the CCP’s monopoly on power and government interference in elections. There are no freely elected national leaders in China.