РАЗВИТИЕ РЕЧИ И МЫШЛЕНИЯ УЧАЩИХСЯ ПРИ ИЗУЧЕНИИ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В АСПЕКТЕ ТРАДИЦИЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ МЕТОДИКИ

Abstract

In the article, based on the analysis of rich pedagogical experience of the greatest methodologists of the pre-revolutionary period and the Soviet era, the most effective mechanisms for organizing work on the development of speech and thinking of students while learning the Russian language are considered. A particular attention is paid to the works of prominent domestic teachers and methodologists, starting with F.I. Buslaev, who was one of the first to put forward a demand for restructuring the system of teaching the Russian language, paying more attention to acquiring the skills of using the language in live speech by students. In subsequent years, numerous publications appeared on the development of thinking and speech while learning the Russian language, the content of the most significant of them is reflected in this article. The authors present various views of language teachers on the problem of the development of thinking and speech of students, but at the same time it is emphasized that all of them are united by an understanding of the need for a close connection between logic, grammar and style. It is shown how the methodologists of the past connected the development of logical thinking of schoolchildren with the development of creative activity, which in turn led to an increase in the practical orientation of the study of theoretical information on grammar. Based on this judgment, various exercises related to the study of logic and grammar are presented, which are considered by philologists as a means of solving stylistic problems. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the solution of some issues of the development of speech and thinking of students, the nature of the exercises, the principles of their construction, the use of stylistics and grammar as a means of educating language instinct – all this, of course, can be used in the development of modern systems of classes of the Russian language.