АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ТЕОРИИ И МЕТОДОЛОГИИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА РОССИИ

Abstract

Russia is the largest country that has a huge natural potential and oil and gas occupy a special place in it. Thanks to our minerals, their competent use, our country occupies a leading position and has competitive advantages among other countries. The oil and gas industry is the most important energy block of our state, is the foundation of our balance of payments and the stabilizer of the exchange rate of our monetary unit, and also contributes to the implementation of investment projects in Russia. Today, the world cannot exist without gasoline, diesel fuel, medicines, colorful coatings, etc. Human life is inextricably linked with fuel resources and the development of the country’s economy as a whole depends on the development of the oil and gas industry. In terms of reserves of liquid hydrocarbons with a share of 10%, our country is in second place in the world, and exploration and development of oil reserves has been carried out in 35 subjects of the Russian Federation. One of the largest oil and gas regions is Western Siberia (60%), followed by Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. The oil and gas complex is a well-coordinated mechanism that covers all stages of the operational cycle: exploration of natural resources, extraction, processing, transportation, warehousing and their implementation. The Russian economy is currently experiencing a financial crisis and enterprises are required to reorient to a new path of development, which involves changes in production and organizational structures, the search for new management methods, a more detailed study of the external and internal environment of the enterprise. The oil and gas complex enterprises are also engaged in the development of new tools, methods and technologies that can activate production processes that help ensure the flexibility of enterprises, maintain a degree of stability and competitive positions in world markets. It is very important to evaluate the efficiency of the oil and gas complex using research methods in order to promptly respond to problems arising in the industry to minimize risks. But in the theory and practice of management, there is no unified system of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of a company’s activities, so each company determines the methods and tools itself, since the methods that one company successfully uses can lead to the destabilization of the activities of another company. Thus, modern methods and approaches to the study of the problems of the Russian oil and gas complex are necessary, as they contribute to the assessment of the efficiency of the enterprise and prompt response to changes occurring in the domestic and foreign markets.