Відтворення інформаційної системи в сучасних суспільствах у глобальному вимірі

Abstract

The Information Age is accompanied by the development of information and communication technologies. Digital divide conditions different terms of their usage depending on a country. As a result; at a global level an integrated system comprising center and periphery forms. The link between the core and the margins contributes to the hegemony of the world leaders possessing highly-developed information sector. This sharpens digital inequality. Much research has been devoted to the problem of social systems reproduction; the most prominent of which are: The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting by Daniel Bell; The Information Age: Economy; Society and Culture by M. Castells; Modern Postindustrial Society by V.Inozemtsev; Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses by L. Althusser.The purpose of the article is to set up a typology of information systems reproduction. The differences between states in information production; consumption; exchange and distribution determine their future development strategies. Highly developed information and communication technologies give opportunities for economic growth; social; educational and cultural advantages. According to world statistics; there is a growth of information and communication technology trade; including export and import of digital goods and services. The correlation of technology purchase and sale abroad induces stable configurations which define a development strategy of each country. In order to ascertain the national peculiarities of information systems; data distribution of export and import of information and global communication trade were analyzed. The results suggest four types of information systems. The first type is represented by so-called latent information system with zero level of importing and exporting information services and goods worldwide. This system is characteristic of Afghanistan; Angola; Chad; Cuba; the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; Iraq; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan. Most of these are less-developed law-income countries with undeveloped information network. The population having Internet access doesn’t exceed 10%. The second type can be called information donorship; it is typical of states where the exported information goods and services prevail over imported ones. Information donorship is a description of modern China; Hong Kong; SAR; the Republic of Korea; India and the United States.. The third type may be defined as information reception system. It forms in case of predominance of imported information goods and services over exported ones almost 10 times as many. It is a distinguishing feature of Australia; Brazil; Arab Republic of Egypt; Nepal; the Russian Federation and Uruguay. These are the countries with mainly developed agricultural; industrial and tourist sectors. The fourth type is so-called integrated information system with balanced information export and import. These are Japan; Latvia; Mexico; Netherlands; Philippines; The United Kingdom. L.Althusser regards the notions of simple and extended reproduction as components of ideological and political relations by analogy with concepts of the mode of production. In respect of information systems; simple reproduction can be either closed or open. Simple closed reproduction is peculiar to latent information systems. It manifests itself in isolation and lack of development. Open simple reproduction characterizes integrated information systems with balanced indexes of imported and exported information goods and services. Extended reproduction is further divided into expansive and chasing forms. Expansive extended reproduction represents information donorship. An information donor crosses borders and disseminates its information products in other countries; imposing there its standards. In this case; the information donor dominates over other countries playing a secondary role. Chasing extended reproduction characterizes reception system of developing countries trying to build national information network under the conditions of technology and information crunch. Hence the type of reproduction depends on organization of information production; consumption; distribution and exchange. In global dimension four types of reproduction were singled out: closed simple reproduction for latent information systems; ended simple reproduction for integrated information systems; expansive extended reproduction for information donorship and chasing extended reproduction for information reception system.