Использование нетрадиционных видов сырья при производстве комбикормов для ценных видов рыб

Abstract

With the development of commercial fish farming in Kazakhstan the need for high-quality feed for fish has greatly increased. There has been carried out extensive monitoring of using unconventional raw materials in the production of feed for valuable fish species. Most promising sources of raw materials for valuable fish species are soy, pea isolates and concentrates, wheat and corn gluten, meal and cake (soy, flax, rapeseed). The physicochemical composition and nutritional value of the non-traditional, secondary raw materials and waste of processing industries were defined, the norms of their introduction into feed were determined, the methods of their processing were analyzed, the probiotic preparations used in the feed industry and their effect on the digestibility of nutrients were considered and proposed. Taking into account the physiological needs of fish, the formulations for domestic feeds for valuable fish species were developed using non-traditional raw materials and a probiotic preparation Biocons containing lactic acid bacteria. Experimental starter and production compound feeds for valuable fish species were produced at the plants 
 of the Republic of Kazakhstan using feed components of domestic production and non-traditional raw materials by extrusion. The probiotic preparation Biocons was added into the ready-made feed by spraying. The developed compound feeds for valuable fish species have passed a production test on the effectiveness of their use by fish in the fish farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. AllerAgua compound feed was used as a control. The growth rate of larvae was estimated using the method of volumetric counting (weighing control and final samples), and the method of expert errors was used to assess the fish-breeding and biological parameters of fish. The experiments were carried out in duplicate, then all the data were processed according to the statistical processing according to G.F. Lakin. It has been stated that the feeds developed at the enterprises of the Republic of Kazakhstan are not inferior in quality to foreign ones, while their cost is much lower, which makes it possible to recommend them for use in aquaculture enterprises.