Формування механізму забезпечення фінансової безпеки банківської установи

Abstract

Annotation. Introduction. The current situation in the market of banking services is due to the influence of internal and external factors that make the bank vulnerable to crises. The financial security of the bank is the key to its stable development, so its research is extremely important. The priority of ensuring the financial security of the bank necessitates a comprehensive approach by developing an appropriate mechanism to ensure the financial security of the bank, taking into account the impact of external and internal threats. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to develop elements of the mechanism for ensuring the financial security of the bank, taking into account internal and external threats. Results. Theoretical problems of the mechanism of financial security of the bank are considered. Based on a critical analysis of the economic literature, the author’s interpretation of the concept of “mechanism for ensuring the financial security of the bank” from the standpoint of the impact of internal and external threats. The purpose and tasks of the mechanism of ensuring the financial security of the bank are highlighted. It is proposed to divide the functions of the bank’s financial security mechanism into basic and specific functions, those that are inherent in banking. The principles of ensuring the financial security of the bank are highlighted. It is substantiated that the process of forming the mechanism of ensuring the financial security of the bank is complex and should take into account the impact of internal and external threats. The threats affecting the financial security of commercial banks are ranked, with their division into internal and external. The main threats to the external environment are: global or local financial crises; falling demand for loans and banking services; the level of distrust on the part of legal entities and individuals in the banking system; refinancing volumes and the size of the discount rate; low level of investment activity in the country, and consequently the lack of investment funds. The main internal threats to the bank’s financial security are: errors in strategic planning and forecasting; irrational use of the bank’s potential; low level of return on assets. The stages of the mechanism of ensuring the financial security of a banking institution on the basis of taking into account the impact of internal and external threats have been formed. Conclusions. Based on the proposed stages of the mechanism of financial security of the bank, taking into account the impact of internal and external threats, we can trace all possible options for using strengths and opportunities in developing a strategy for financial stability of the bank, as well as identify factors influencing the bank. Keywords: threats, internal threats, external threats, collateral, mechanism, financial security of the bank, functions of the mechanism, principles of the mechanism, subjects and objects of the mechanism.