ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В МОНГОЛИИ И ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ВЫГОДЫ ДЛЯ РОССИИ В РАМКАХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ АЗИИ

Abstract

The paper deals with geopolitical processes in Northeast Asia (NEA), which includes among others the Russian Federation (RF, Russia), Mongolia and the People’s Republic of China (PRC, China). There is some interesting information in the paper about geopolitical interests which the United States of America (U.S.) utilizing in this region through Mongolia – RF’s closest neighbour, and how it can be used in Russian interests. The center of global political and economic activity is shifting in this region. The research has shown that in the first quarter of the twenty-first century, trade between the countries of the Asia-Pacific region and Europe will become the most dynamic global market. Significant benefits will be received by those countries which will be able to attract transit Euro-Asian cargo and passenger traffic to their transport communications. In this regard, the scientists examine Mongolia’s political initiatives in the field of transport communications management, its impact on the internal environment of Russia, and also consider the political and economic benefits for Russia in implementing joint transport projects with the Mongolian side. Russia’s policy in the NEA is aimed at protecting the national interests and ensuring the country’s security, using the economic and political potential of the NEA states. Russia’s geographical position allows it to be a link for the countries of Europe and Asia, acting as a transit territory, including Mongolia, which is looking for opportunities to increase exports through Russian transport corridors. In this regard, the Russian government provides for the modernization of the Trans-Siberian Railway, the Baikal-Amur Railway and the Pacific ports. At the same time, there is a struggle for geopolitical influence between the United States and China in the region. To contain China’s economic expansion, the United States seeks not only to attract its long-time allies, Japan and South Korea, but also to use other countries, in particular Mongolia, which in turn can be used to promote Russian interests in the region