ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ МОНІТОРИНГ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ БЕЗПРОВІДНИХ СЕНСОРНИХ МЕРЕЖ: РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ ТА ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТИ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of a monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks. The purpose of the article is to implement a system for environmental monitoring using wireless sensor networks, as well as its application in an apiary. Wireless sensor networks and their participation in environmental monitoring were investigated, and the interaction of a wireless network and data transfer protocols were described. The monitoring system was reviewed and analyzed, as well as systems in which monitoring is already applied. An experiment was conducted in which it was checked at what maximum distance the temperature and humidity parameters can be transmitted, the experiment was conducted with obstacles and without obstruction. Routing algorithms were examined how they work and how parameters (temperature and humidity) are transferred from sensors to the server. A prototype of a ground-based monitoring system for environmental monitoring was developed based on the wireless technology of building Zigbee sensor networks, taking into account the fact that new nodes can be added to this network or completely replaced. It was also found a solution to how to apply a wireless network in such an area as beekeeping. A mesh topology was selected and the physical devices that are the nodes of the network are separated. Nodes were also designed using as the base station for Arduino sensors and as ZigBee database modules from Digi called XBee. A study of these nodes on the noise immunity and stability of data transmission using sensors of flame, smoke, and temperature with humidity. The study revealed that XBee nodes are very unstable working next to Wi-Fi routers and in case of interference in the form of a forest. A statement of the problem was formed, which showed the relevance of the given system, why it is needed, who will be able to apply it, and also what the system contains and how it works. The functions that the program performs are listed. The conclusion is formulated on the result of the experiment, as well as how the system can be further upgraded, what can be added and what parameters can still be observed.