ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРНЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ РАБОТЫ ПЕРФОРИРОВАННОГО РЕЗИНОМЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО ВИБРОИЗОЛЯТОРА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ПРОГРАММНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ, РЕАЛИЗУЮЩИХ МЕТОД КОНЕЧНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА

Abstract

The features of the static and dynamic behavior of rubber-metal vibration isolators planned for use for vibration isolation of buildings in a modern building complex are considered. The results of finite element modeling of vibration isolators are presented in order to determine the static and dynamic characteristics. Both single-layer vibration isolators and vibration isolators, including three rubber layers, are considered. As the calculation results showed, the presence of perforations significantly affects the bearing capacity of vibration isolators, significantly reducing it, however, the efficiency of such vibration isolators also increases compared to completely monolithic vibration isolators without holes. This is due to a number of reasons, one of which is the practical incompressibility of the rubber layers. In fact, rubber bodies can be subjected to compression only due to the deformation of the side surface, thus, by developing the side surface of the rubber layers, it is possible to achieve acceptable rigidity of the vibration isolator as a structural element, which will reduce the rigidity of the vibration isolation system. The spatial arrangement of the holes is also essential, since the placement of the holes close to the side surface of the rubber layer gives a significantly smaller effect compared to the placement of the holes in the center. In the process of calculation, it turned out that in the compressed rubber layers, the effect of the formation of pronounced zones of all-round compression is observed. The presence of central holes leads to the destruction of such zones in most samples, which makes it possible to reduce the first natural frequency of the vibration-isolated system to a greater extent, thereby contributing to an increase in the effectiveness of vibration protection measures. The choice of the hole configuration is an optimization problem, where, on the one hand, it is necessary to ensure the bearing capacity of vibration isolators acceptable from the point of view of vibration isolation for given dimensions of the vibration isolator in the plan, and, on the other hand, to minimize the rigidity of the system, thus increasing the effectiveness of vibration protection measures.