Особенности разработки региональной концепции развития системы водоотведения в центральной экологической зоне Байкальской природной территории

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to develop a regional concept for the development of drainage systems in the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory under the conditions of stringent requirements for the discharge of wastewater into Lake Baikal. Studies have shown that there are no available wastewater treat-ment technologies capable of conforming to regulatory requirements for the discharge of treated wastewater into Lake Baikal. Therefore, the concept justifies two options for the construction of centralised wastewater systems: the transfer of treated wastewater to other watersheds and beyond the boundaries of the central ecological zone; wastewater treatment to regulatory requirements, followed by evaporation in storage ponds. Based on these two options, a logistical schema for collecting, transporting and treating wastewater is justified. In order to determine the optimal scheme of transportation and purification of wastewater, a technique was developed based on the preliminary construction of a redundant scheme of possible design solutions and searching for the maximum flow of minimum cost according to the lifecycle cost. For the first time, a concept for the discharge and disposal of household sewage for the central eco-logical zone of Lake Baikal has been developed. This concept determines the applicable level of wastewater treatment technologies for the Baikal Territory together with a consideration of appropriate logistics and op-timal costs of implementation. The proposed concept constitutes a plan for the implementation of the pro-gramme of wastewater disposal and wastewater treatment in the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal.