ПЕРВИЧНАЯ ИНВАЛИДНОСТЬ ПО ПРИЧИНЕ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ В РАЗНЫХ ВОЗРАСТНЫХ ГРУППАХ ВЗРОСЛОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ (РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ)

Abstract

Relevance. A significant level of morbidity significantly exacerbates the medical and social significance of oncopathology, leading to high mortality and disability of the population. In terms of the prevalence of disability, malignant tumors occupy the second rank after the circulatory system. The increase in advanced stages of malignant tumors associated with problems in early detection of the oncological process leads to a heavier disability group. Objective:. To analyze the prevalence and age structure of disability of the adult population due to malignant neoplasms in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Materials and methods. Primary disability due to malignant neoplasms in 2020-2022 was studied using the accounting and reporting form No. 7-sobes. A comparative analysis of the structure and indicator of disability due to malignant neoplasms in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the North Caucasus Federal District, and the Russian Federation was carried out. Results. The age structure of malignancy disability shows stable growth dynamics in all age groups, especially noticeable among young people. At the same time, the indicators of disability for malignant neoplasms among people of retirement age prevail over similar indicators among middle-aged and young people. In the structure of disability, taking into account the classes of diseases among IDPs due to malignant neoplasms, disability group I in 2022 amounted to 40.9%, group II 35.1%, group III 13.3%. The significant prevalence of disability group I among those recognized as disabled for the first time is prolonged during the study period, thus confirming the high relevance of the problem of malignant neoplasms. During the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic, the growth dynamics of the disabled of the I disability group in 2021 and 2022 is noted. There was no significant impact on the indicators of disability groups II and III in this period.The indicators of primary disability due to malignant neoplasms in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania are lower than in the Russian Federation and the North Caucasus Federal District, but have the same upward trend. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate a negative dynamics in the growth of disability indicators for malignant neoplasms and an aggravation of the degree of disability. In the current situation, the analysis of indicators and the age structure of disability due to malignant neoplasms in dynamics makes it possible to identify the priorities of medical and social expertise and becomes important when developing age-oriented, differentiated rehabilitation programs for the disabled. Given the high correlation between the severity of disability and the neglect of the oncological process, early diagnosis and adequate treatment tactics for patients with malignant neoplasms will undoubtedly contribute to improving disability indicators, allowing timely medical and social examination.