ВЛИЯНИЕ НЕФТЯНОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ НА РОСТ И ЭНДОМИКОРИЗУ ЛЮЦЕРНЫ

Abstract

The influence of oil pollution on the growth and formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza in the roots of Medicago sativa plants was investigated. It was found that oil at low concentrations did not have an inhibitory effect on the growth of alfalfa plants. The length of the shoots of plants grown at an oil concentration of 1 g / kg of soil was 6.8% longer than that of plants grown in soil without oil. Improving plant growth with low oil concentrations in the soil may be associated with the addition of additional organic matter and mineral elements to the soil along with oil. The application of oil in higher concentrations led to the suppression of the growth of alfalfa plants. At a concentration of 20 g / kg and 50 g / kg of soil, the shoot length was 11.7% and 14.9% lower, respectively, than in the control plants. The main reasons for the delayed development of plants, stopping or their death as a result of oil pollution are disturbances in the flow of water and nutrients into plants, as well as developing oxygen starvation. We have revealed a change in the formation of endomycorrhizal symbiosis of the plant root system. In plants grown under oil pollution, the frequency of mycorrhization at a toxicant concentration of 1 g / kg, 20 g / kg, and 50 g / kg soil was lower by 2.0%, 26.5%, and 44.2%, respectively, according to compared with control plants (plants grown in soil without oil). Indicators of the intensity of colonization of mycorrhiza and the abundance of arbuscules in the root system of plants decreased, and the abundance of arbuscules in the mycorrhized part of the root fragment increased with an increase in the concentration of oil in the soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in addition to the direct toxic effect of pollutants, probably received less benefits from their plant partners, due to disruption of photosynthesis processes and redistribution of carbon substrates in favor of rhizosphere microorganisms.