Влияние демографических и экономических факторов на развитие инфраструктуры здравоохранения в арктических муниципалитетах Северного макрорегиона.

Abstract

The article is devoted to assessing the impact of demographic and economic factors on the development of social infrastructure in the field of health care in the Arctic municipalities of the Northern macroregion. The study is based on a set of theoretical and methodological methods that complement each other: logical-structural and cause-and-effect analysis and synthesis, statistical analysis, correlation-regression analysis, methods of interregional analysis and typologies. On the basis of a comparative analysis of scientific literature, the authors substantiated demographic and economic factors and proposed a methodological approach to their assessment for the development of social infrastructure in the health sector in the Arctic municipalities of the Northern macroregion, which includes a system of indicators and criteria for their selection, as well as an assessment algorithm. Based on the results of the assessment, it was determined that the development of the health care infrastructure of the Arctic urban districts and municipal districts of the Arkhangelsk Region, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Komi Republic is influenced by various sets of factors, which is associated, first of all, with the specifics of the economic development of these territories and the main specialization of economic activity. Thus, in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, economic factors (the volume of production and the level of income of the population, transport accessibility of the territory) have the highest influence on the development of infrastructure in the healthcare sector. In the Arctic part of the Komi Republic and the Arkhangelsk region, the main factors in the development of the health care infrastructure are the birth rate, the resident population and the state of the communal sector. The employment of the population affects certain types of healthcare infrastructure in the Arkhangelsk region and the Komi Republic. In the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, these dependencies are absent due to the prevalence of the rotational work method and the high proportion of indigenous peoples leading a nomadic lifestyle. It should be noted that there are general trends in the Arctic territories of the studied regions. In particular, it is logical that a change in population size affects the health infrastructure in the Arctic part of all three regions. Another common characteristic of the study areas is the low impact of investment volume on health infrastructure, which is explained by the delayed investment effect. The results obtained can be taken into account when developing and adjusting the social policy of state authorities and local self-government in the Arctic territories.