Возможности оптимизации социально-психологической адаптации младших школьников с расстройствами аутистического спектра в условиях инклюзивного образования

Abstract

The results of testing the model of psychological and pedagogical support for elementary school children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities who are studying in inclusive education are presented in the article. The main target groups and activities of specialists within the framework of the implementation of this model are identified, and the possibilities of using applied behavior analysis in the organization of support are determined. The importance of interaction of all subjects of the educational environment in creating the conditions necessary for successful socialization of children is updated. Research methods and materials: observation, comparison, analysis of testing the model of psychological and pedagogical support for children with intellectual disabilities. Testing was carried out on the basis of 7 educational organizations in Yoshkar-Ola and rural settlements of the Republic of Mari El. The study involved elementary school children studying in a resource class at a secondary school. Methods of assessment and schemes for identifying the level of social and psychological adaptation of elementary school children are reviewed. Research result. Positive dynamics of indicators of social and psychological adaptation could be observed. The following indicators were improved: emotional and volitional sphere, behavior in general, interaction with peers. All those components characterize the emotional and behavioral components of social competence. It is concluded that testing the model of psychological and pedagogical support for school children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities, based on the cooperation of all subjects of the educational environment, is effective and advantageous.