Μελέτη των αγγειογενετικών και αρτηριογενετικών ιδιοτήτων της θρομβίνης σε πειραματικό μοντέλο ισχαιμίας κάτω άκρων

Abstract

Compared with angiogenesis, arteriogenesis is a distinct process based on the remodeling and maturation of pre-existing arterioles into large conductance arteries. Therapeutic angiogenesis has been proposed as a potential treatment for ischemic atherosclerotic diseases. Since a variety of angiogenic factors have been tested with inconsistent so far clinical results, the challenge remains in identifying the factor(s) that will stimulate functional neovascularization. Thrombin has been reported to play a pivotal role in the initiation of angiogenesis by regulating and organizing a network of angiogenic mediators. Also, it was recently demonstrated that thrombin is a potent anti-apoptotic factor for endothelial cells, providing evidence on a potential role of thrombin in vascular protection and maintenance of vessel integrity. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that thrombin may promote the development of mature functional blood vessels. We have shown that thrombin promoted the formation of large collateral vessels and improved the perfusion of distal ischemic tissue in a rabbit hindlimb ischemia model. These results provide new insights in understanding the involvement of thrombin in vascular formation and point to a novel role of thrombin in arteriogenesis. Interplay between angiogenic growth factors and vascular maturation mechanisms are essential for the cascade of reactions involved in arteriogenesis, i.e. development of large conductance collateral vessels that may adequately compensate for atherosclerotic arterial occlusions. Thrombin stimulated robust collateral networks in the ischemic limbs, which was associated with a significant recovery of ischemic tissue perfusion as assessed by in-vivo perfusion studies. This may provide the basis for applications of thrombin and its nonthrombogenic analogs in therapeutic angiogenesis.