ПРОДОВОЛЬЧА БЕЗПЕКА УКРАЇНИ В ПОВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД: ОСНОВНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ТА СПОСОБИ ЇХ УСУНЕННЯ

Abstract

Abstract. The place of ensuring food security in agrarian policy is substantiated as an irreplaceable factor of social stability, economic sovereignty of the state and ensuring its most valuable social resource - the health of the nation. In a theoretical and practical sense, food security is the cornerstone that should determine the essence of the state's agrarian policy at a specific historical stage of its development. The imperfection of the current food system in the country, which is overly focused on the export of grain and oilseeds products, with a simultaneously growing import of certain types of food products important for the population, which is a sign of the country's gradual loss of food sovereignty, is revealed. The negative impact on food security of highly specialized agricultural production with signs of a monoculture, which is characterized by increased erosion processes, soil fatigue, and a decrease in soil fertility, is researched, and the role of crop rotation agriculture in eliminating these negative processes is substantiated. A program for the conservation of heavily eroded and war-disturbed lands using the experience of the EU countries and the USA is proposed. The main directions of the agrarian policy of Western European countries are revealed in terms of developing and implementing mechanisms for influencing the prevention of monocultural production, stimulation of crop rotation agriculture and the development of animal husbandry associated with it, with a focus on providing domestic food markets with food products of domestic production necessary for the full nutrition of the population. Highlighted, given the world and domestic practice, the significant role of small farms in ensuring the food security of society. This needs targeted state support, the positive experience of which has been accumulated in the EU countries and which Ukraine has yet to master.