Імміграція в Португалію в ХХІ столітті.

Abstract

The author made an observation of migration processes in Europe in the beginning of the 21st century. The European Union, in general and every state-member, in particular, is in dire straits, almost beyond their limits in terms of reception and deployment of migrants. Over the last years of the 21st century this process led not only to new problems, but also to certain contradictions among countries-members of the Dublin Regulation in the sphere of redistribution of migrants and asylum seekers from hot spots of the world. The author of the article has made attempts to analyze migration processes in the Portuguese Republic in the beginning of the 21st century. Migration is rather complex and not trivial phenomenon which should be analyzed from different angles: economic, political, social etc. Among a few groups of migrants in Portugal the dominant ones are Brazilians and Ukrainians. Among forced migrants, Portugal attracts attention of labor immigrants. Among the dominant countries-sources of labor migrants are Brazil, the Republic of Cape Verde and Ukraine. It should be noted that, among 412 thousand immigrants living in Portugal, there are more than 100 thousand of Brazilians and 42 thousand of Ukrainians. Regarding Brazil, migration from this country is explained by historic development of the country and bilateral relations. With Ukrainians the situation is absolutely different, because migration to Portugal from Ukraine is due to economic, political and social factors.The article deals with characteristic features of immigration processes of Brazilians an Ukrainians in the Portuguese Republic in the last fifteen years of the twenty first century. The reasons for migration of the two most numerous groups of immigrants in Portugal are analyzed. Stages of migration to the Portuguese Republic since the end of the 20th century are identified and described. The author highlighted typical problems of immigrants despite the ethnic identification. Analysis of migration processes in Europe in the beginning of the twenty first century is being done. Perspectives of Ukrainian immigrants in Portugal along with inner and outer factors are depicted.