Abstract
The study of the history of ceramic brick production in Yakutsk and the chronology of changing its nominal size is clearly seen on the example of stone buildings of the pre-revolutionary period, starting from the 18th century. Many architectural buildings made of ceramic brick have retained their integrity, uniqueness and exclusivity. Based on literary sources and archival documents, the main stages of the construction of the Trinity Cathedral (from 1708 to 1901) are traced, during which the unique architectural appearance of the first stone church in the city of Yakutsk is formed. Holy Trinity Cathedral in Yakutsk and recreating its historical appearance, bricks of the 18th and 19th centuries are selected to determine the durability of brickwork for the possibility of restoring the ancient architectural monument and their physical and mechanical properties are determined. The initial results of the survey of the building with a description of the structural features of the construction of brick walls and floors, the results of the study of the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic brick samples of different centuries are given. It is determined that ceramic bricks of the 18th century have a smaller grade in strength than bricks of the 19th century, but they are in good condition, which allows the restoration work. This study is another attempt to comprehend and understand the secrets of the masters, systematize and restore the chronology of the monument's history.
Highlights
The study of the history of ceramic brick production in Yakutsk and the chronology of changing its nominal size is clearly seen on the example of stone buildings of the pre-revolutionary period, starting from the 18th century
Many architectural buildings made of ceramic brick have retained their integrity, uniqueness and exclusivity
Trinity Cathedral in Yakutsk and recreating its historical appearance, bricks of the 18th and 19th centuries are selected to determine the durability of brickwork for the possibility of restoring the ancient architectural monument and their physical and mechanical properties are determined
Summary
Кирпичи были покрыты слоем известково- прочность керамического кирпича варьируется в песчаного раствора толщиной примерно 2–4 мм, очень широких пределах. При этом прочность который был удален металлическим шпателем кирпича XVIII в. Изменяется от 5,4 до 22,4 МПа, для определения физико-механических характе- а XIX в – от 14,5 до 39,4 МПа, что еще раз подристик кирпича. Экспериментальные образцы тверждает соответствие кирпича XIX в. Результаты испытания кирпичей на гидравмического кирпича производилось неразрушаю- лическом прессе показали, что они имеют марку щим методом с помощью прибора ударного им- по прочности на сжатие М50 для кирпича XVIII пульса ИПС-МГ4 и разрушающим методом пу- века и М75 для кирпича XIX века. Различие в тем испытания образцов на гидравлическом прочности можно объяснить различием по покапрессе. Что пористость более верхности стеновой конструкции в местах отсут- раннего кирпича имеет больший процент капилствия штукатурного покрытия.
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