Формування сіяних лучних фітоценозів Передкарпаття залежно від удобрення

Abstract

Goal. To reveal the peculiarities of the formation of elements of the productivity of perennial grasses in hay-type grass mixtures depending on the level of mineral fertilization. Methods. Field — to establish the level of productivity of the grass stand; visual and weight — to establish phenological changes in the growth, development, and productivity of the grass stand; statistical methods, dispersion, and factorial — to determine the probability of data. Results. The reaction of leguminous grass mixtures to the complex action of phosphoric-potassium and nitrogen fertilizers and complex microelements in the chelated form of microfol combi, which was used for foliar feeding of grasses was determined. For sowing, mixtures of perennial grasses were used, consisting of meadow timothy (6 kg/ha) and clover (16 kg/ha), meadow timothy (4 kg/ha), ryegrass (6 kg/ha), fenugreek (6 kg/ha). kg/ha), meadow clover (3 kg/ha), and horned lotus (3 kg/ha). Conclusions. The highest yield of dry matter (9.08 t/ha) was formed by sowing meadow clover, horned lotus, and a mixture of grasses (meadow timothy, perennial fenugreek). In the case of sowing meadow timothy with meadow clover on a similar agricultural background, the yield of dry matter was 8.56 t/ha. In the timothy-clover grass mixture, the share of meadow clover in the crop remained on average over the years of use of the grass stand at the level of 28.5; 28.6; 23.2; 22.7, and 17.0% in green mass. In a five-component mixture (meadow timothy, ryegrass, perennial fenugreek, meadow clover, lotus), the share of meadow clover in the formation of the grass stand was only 13.8–15.4%. The content of the lotus on average over four years of use was 11.3–22.8% in green mass.