１９世紀以降から２０世紀前半における結晶学並びに関連科学の発展 Ｉ

Abstract

Until the middle of the seventeenth century, studies on crystal have been made in mineralogy. At the end of the eighteenth, the classical crystallography as one part of mineralogy has been taken up into the academic system. On and after the nineteenth century, the crystallography has formed the own originl system, andhas developed in an intimate mutual relation with physics and chemistry as basicsciences. In the middle of the nineteenth century, the cristallography has developed as amodern science, and was differentiated into structural crystallography or mathematical crystallography, physical crystallography or crystal physics, and chemical crystallography or crystal chemistry. In these mutual relations, the synthesis of the branches has assumed the character of crystal sciences, and was permited in physics, chemistry and material science as a basic science and also in metallurgy, material technology, pharmancy and agricalture as applied sciences. The crystal science has developed as an interdisciplinary science and has grown into an intimate relation with other sciences. In this paper, we sum up the aspect of the progress by describing the epoch-making events and historical consideration of modern crystallography, concerned with other sciences, during the early nineteenth century up to the first half of the twenteenth century. Besides, we try to show the results of research summing them up in a chronological table as an additional remark.