Дослідження впливу ширини захвату машинно-тракторного агрегату на його експлуатаційні показники

Abstract

Goal. To increase the technical efficiency of the use of wide-grab machine-tractor units by establishing regularities regarding the reduction of non-productive time spent by them. Methods. The use of the basics of the classical theory of operation of machine-tractor units and methods of scientific analysis of the obtained results of theoretical studies. Results. Theoretical studies have established that with an increase in the unit’s grab width, the value of the coefficient of its use of working moves decreases to 8% or more. The intensity of this decrease is greater, the shorter the length of the field run. A decrease in the speed of movement of a wide-grab machine-tractor unit on a turning lane concerning the speed of working movement leads to an undesirable decrease in the value of the coefficient of use of its working moves. Conclusions. A new analytical association (9) was obtained, which reveals the regularities of the relationship between the coefficient of use of the working strokes of the machine-tractor unit with the working width of its grab and the parameters of the field (area and length of the race), taking into account the ratio between the speeds of movement on the working race and the turning lane. To keep the non-productive time costs of the machine-tractor unit at an acceptable level, the following should be taken into account: 1) the ratio of the use of working strokes by the wide-grab unit, with the constant value of its grab width and the length of the working run, depends little on the size of the area of the cultivated field; 2) each value of the unit’s grab width must correspond to a certain value of the length of the field’s working run determined by the analytical association (10); 3) the more the speed of movement of the wide-grab unit on the turning lane differs in the downward direction from the speed of its movement on the working run, the longer the length of the latter should be.