Техніка “потоку свідомості” в художній прозі Івана Франка

Abstract

The varieties of technique of “stream of consciousness” in Ivan Franko’s prose works, especially direct internal monologue, mediate internal monologue and omniscient description are reviewed in the article. It is found out, that Ukrainian writer (as row of European authors) used this technique earlier, than M. Prust, J. Joyce and V. Wolfe, who are considered to be the inventors of technique of “stream of consciousness”. The backgrounds and conditions of the appearance of this form of showing artistic material in Franko’s creation are revealed. The appearance of this modern form of account with Franko’s naturalistic aesthetic is connected, in particular with the study of the agony of consciousness, alcoholic intoxication, affects etc. Ukrainian writer used the technique of “stream of consciousness” in such his works as “Na roboti” (“At work”), “Iz zapysok neduzhoho” (“From diary of the sick person”), “Odi profanum vulgus”, “Perechresni stezhky” (“Cross pathes”), “Vivchar” (“A shepherd”) and others. The master of word shows varieties of “stream of consciousness” with different aim, often – as a way for clearer delineation of character’s psychology. Technique of “stream of consciousness” in Franko’s works is one of factors in the modernization of Ukrainian literature at the end of XIX – beginning of XX century.