Господарсько–біологічні особливості сортів пшениці озимої на Маньківській сортовипробувальній станції

Abstract

Zernova kolosova culture, such as soft winter wheat, is one of the best crops of world agriculture in Ukraine. Therefore, it is already known to everyone that among the most important cereal crops, winter soft wheat occupies the first place in Ukraine in terms of sown areas and is the main food crop. Winter wheat, which is grown by modern intensive technology, is a good precursor for other crops, and this is its agronomic value. Riven grain production of winter wheat largely depends on the varieties that are grown, their adaptability to growing conditions in different soil and climatic zones of Ukraine. The practice of agricultural production has shown that with the use of highly intensive varieties of winter wheat it is possible to obtain a grain harvest of up to 10 t / ha or more. Such yields were obtained in the state variety testing of Ukraine of some of the best domestic and foreign varieties of intensive type. The yield of winter wheat under production conditions is significantly lower compared to the state variety testing due to both its technology deficiencies and loss of grain yield during harvest, and late introduction into production new varieties. Therefore, the rapid introduction into the production of new highly intensive varieties of winter wheat, along with the observance of the main elements of the progressive technology of its cultivation, is one of the conditions for obtaining high yields of grain of this crop. The article presents the results of studies on the analysis of the variety testing of winter wheat after peas at the Mankovsky State Variety Testing Station of the Cherkasy region in 2016-2017, and based on these research results, recommend the best varieties for use in the farms of the area.