气候变化对北京常见树种春季萌芽的影响——基于控制实验研究

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 气候变化对北京常见树种春季萌芽的影响——基于控制实验研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112183591 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家杰出青年基金项目（42025101）；高等学校学科创新引智计划项目（B18006） Effects of climate change on spring budburst of typical tree species in Beijing based on manipulative experiments Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:气候变化对植物物候产生了重要影响，春季萌芽时间的变化不仅会通过改变植物的光合作用影响碳汇能力，还会通过改变群落内的种间关系影响生态系统结构和功能。因此，掌握群落内不同树种春季萌芽对气候变化的响应对于深刻理解物候时间位分化、认识陆地生态系统碳水循环和能量平衡具有重要意义。为提高春季物候模型的预测精度，阐明气候变化对不同树种春季萌芽的影响，以鹅耳枥（Carpinus turczaninowii）、黑桦（Betula dahurica）、华北落叶松（Larix principis-rupprechtii）、糠椴（Tilia mandshurica）和元宝枫（Acer truncatum）5个温带森林的典型树种为研究对象，通过剪枝实验分析了冬季冷激、春季温度和光周期对枝条春季萌芽时间的影响。结果表明，温度升高和冷激增加显著提前了所有树种的春季萌芽时间，从5℃到20℃，春季萌芽时间平均提前了54.5 d；在较高的冷激条件下，春季萌芽时间平均缩短了17.8 d；光周期对各树种春季萌芽时间均没有显著影响，8 h和16 h光周期条件下各树种平均萌芽时间分别为30.3和30.5 d。此外，随着温度升高，5个树种萌芽时间间隔显著缩短，这主要是由于温度升高萌芽热量需求降低导致的，冷激对树种间萌芽时间间隔无显著影响。在气候变暖背景下，森林群落中不同树种萌芽时间间隔将显著缩短，进而影响物候时间生态位分化，导致种间竞争加剧。研究阐明了气候变化对温带阔叶树种春季萌芽及其时间间隔的影响，为气候变化条件下森林生态系统群落动态及森林可持续经营与管理策略的制定提供了理论支撑。 Abstract:Climate change has caused substantial effects on plant phenology over the past decades. Shifts in spring budburst not only affect carbon sink capacity by changing plants' photosynthesis but also influence the structure and function of the ecosystem by altering the relationship between species within the forest community. Understanding how spring budburst of different species respond to climate change is thus essential to improve our knowledge of phenological temporal niche differentiation, carbon and water cycles, as well as the energy balance of terrestrial ecosystems. In order to improve the ability of the spring phenology model and the influence underlying the responses of spring budburst to climate change, we selected five typical temperate tree species in Beijing, i.e. Carpinus turczaninowii, Betula dahurica, Larix principis-rupprechtii, Tilia mandshurica, and Acer truncatum, to test the effects of winter chilling, spring temperature and photoperiod on spring budburst by using twig cutting experiment. We found that photoperiod had no significant effect on spring budburst while increasing spring temperature and winter chilling significantly advanced budburst date. From 5℃ to 20℃, the budburst was advanced by 54.5 days on average, and it was shortened under high chilling conditions by about 17.8 days. The photoperiod had no significant effect on the budburst of each tree species. The average budburst of tree species was 30.3 and 30.5 days under the condition of 8 hours and 16 hours of photoperiod, respectively. In addition, the time interval of budburst between the five tree species was significantly shortened with the spring warming, which might be caused by the heating requirements of budburst under different temperature treatments, which was mainly caused by the decrease of heat requirement for budburst with the increase of temperature, and the chilling had no significant effect on their time interval. Under the background of climate change, the budburst and time interval of budburst between tree species is likely to largely shorten, which would change the differentiation of temporal niche, leading to the increased inter-species competition. This study clarifies the impact of climate change on the budburst and time interval of temperate broad-leaved tree species and provides theoretical support for the formulation of forest ecosystem community dynamics and forest sustainable operation and management strategies under the condition of climate change. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献