СИСТЕМА ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ США: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

The article deals with individual theoretical and methodological aspects of the US higher education system. The analyses of theoretical works of foreign and domestic scientists are carried out. The approaches that make up the methodological basis of the system of higher education of the USA and Ukraine (dialectical, humanistic, systemic, technological and axiological) are determined. The modern approaches to US education management are described. Classification of American higher education institutions are carried out. It is stated that most scholars regard American higher education as rather diverse. The state constantly puts the task of making US higher education as affordable as the secondary one.The emphasis is done on individual approach to student learning.The theoretical principles for studying at the universities of the USA, approaches to the management of the American education system and its functioning are considered.Since excessive centralization and bureaucratic principles of most educational institutions of Ukraine serve as an obstacle to the improvement and development of the modern education system, it is the analysis of the American higher education system, its organization and structure make it possible to identify certain trends that meet the goals of higher education in Ukraine and can be an element of the educational reforms that are taking place today. The current law was notable higher education institutions to determine the form of education, types of educational process, to develop and implement their own programs of scientific activity.Considering the influence of the United States on the world around it, it is noted that the country has set the vector of the direction of movement for all modern world by its ethics, political thinking, technological victories.This study does not cover diversity issues, the importance and significance of which requires further research, in particular the problem of professional self-realization in terms of future specialists University, USA; the formation of professional self-realization of future specialists in the historical retrospective, etc.