Новая теория проектирования орудий промышленного рыболовства

Abstract

The article presents a new theory of designing commercial fishing gear based on the use of the theory of similarity of multiphysical processes occurring in commercial fishing gear and their elements at all stages of operation, as well as digital twins of fishing vessels, fishing mechanisms. The new theory of designing tools for commercial fishing based on taking into account the multiphysical processes occurring in fishing units and fishing objects. Providing multiphysical processes, digitizing them on the basis of digital twins makes it possible to clarify the hydrodynamic coefficients of parts and elements of commercial fishing gear. There is described the relationship between physical processes and digital analogues (digital twins). The refinement of the coefficients is associated with iterative methods. The choice of the criterion of similarity of multiphysical processes of commercial fishing gears is justified. When solving design problems, the theory of similarity makes it possible to: substantiate the characteristics of industrial fishing gear related to its size, resistance, movement speed (movement of water masses for passive fishing gear and traps), based on ensuring the maneuverability of the trawl system and other systems with known energy and power characteristics of a fishing vessel and a warp winch and other fishing mechanisms; to substantiate the characteristics of the warp winch and other fishing mechanisms that provide the specified modes of performing fishing operations (for example, lowering and lifting the trawl) of known designs; substantiate the characteristics of a fishing vessel based on ensuring the rational operation of a known (designed and operated) design of a fishing gear under given modes; investigate emergency and critical situations associated with hitting underwater obstacles by fishing gear, a sharp increase in efforts in warps, a purse non-water tourniquet with a rapid change in control actions, etc.; to substantiate the characteristics of the warp winch and other fishing mechanisms, as well as the fishing vessel for the development of the Auto trawl system.