Акторно-сетевые конструкции коллективной исторической памяти

Abstract

The authors carried out an analysis of semantic constructions about the role of Sevastopol in the Great Patriotic War. The basic question of the study is to assess the risks and opportunities of countering the technologies of information and cognitive wars, the scenarios of which involve the formation of lines of "civilizational faults" that destabilize social processes with the reformatting of history. The relevance of this research is connected with the definition of mechanisms for creating new historical and media meanings in the conditions of hybrid confrontation and modeling different variants of the development of historical events with changes in the historical and political maps of the world. First of all, this process concerns assessments of the Great Patriotic War and Victory as a historical and geopolitical achievement of Russia. The scientific novelty of the study consists in considering the collective memory of the Great Patriotic War as a network in the understanding of actor-network theory. It was revealed that the historical collective memory is filled with new symbols and signs, turning into an unstructured stream. Social actions that determine historical attitudes are being reinterpreted, a new symbolism becoming a new sociality with the broadcast of "victory" and the rejection of social and geopolitical achievements in the Great Patriotic War of the Russian people and the Soviet state. The current state of historical collective memory is filled with traces formed by both a fundamental event – the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, and events of a political and social nature. Consideration of the collective memory of the Great Patriotic War as a network in the understanding of the actor-network theory allowed us to identify signs of information campaigns aimed at discrediting the role of the Soviet Union and transforming the Victory Day through the formation of an "import" information agenda.