旅游型乡村生态空间演化与重构——以茶陵县卧龙村为例

Abstract

旅游型乡村生态空间系统重构是乡村可持续发展的关键。以典型旅游型乡村茶陵县卧龙村为例，结合PRA方法（Participatory Rural Appraisl，又称参与性乡村评估）反演生态空间不同发展阶段并分析其演变特征，运用生态敏感性评价及最小阻力模型等定量方法系统分析生态空间构成要素，探索生态空间重构方法。研究表明：卧龙村生态空间由6个生态源地、15条生态廊道和22个生态节点构成，各类要素存在空间分布不均衡，空间结构不合理，生态功能不强等问题。按生态空间发展的四个阶段分析，其演变特征呈现出明显的规模递减性、时空差异性和功能复合性。可采取新增源地、调整廊道、提升节点等措施，构建以7个生态源地、14条生态廊道和19个生态节点为主的生态空间重构路径，对空间要素采取分类管控、生态空间结构优化及生态规划引导等措施。生态空间重构研究可为乡村生态保护和乡村振兴战略实施提供理论参考与案例借鉴。;The systematic reconstruction of tourism rural ecological space is the key to the sustainable development of rural areas. Taking Wolong Village as a typical study area which located in Chaling County, this paper adopts participatory rural appraisal method to invert the different development stages of ecological space and analyze the evolution characteristics, and uses the quantitative methods such as ecological sensitivity evaluation and the least resistance model to systematically analyze the components of ecological space and explore the reconstruction methods of ecological space. It is found that the ecological space of Wolong Village is composed of 6 pieces of ecological source, 15 channels of ecological corridors, and 22 points of ecological nodes.The spatial distribution of various elements is unbalanced, the spatial structure is unreasonable, and the ecological function is not strong. According to the analysis of four stages of ecological space development, the evolution features of ecological space show obvious scale decline, spatio-temporal difference and functional complexity. In order to reconstruct the ecological space, new ecological sources should be added, ecological corridors and nodes should be adjusted or upgraded. In addition, a reconstruction path of 7 ecological sources, 14 ecological corridors and 19 ecological nodes should be constructed, and measures such as the classified control of spatial elements, optimization of ecologically spatial structure and guidance of ecological planning should be taken. The study of ecological space reconstruction provides theoretical reference and case reference for rural ecological protection and rural revitalization strategy implementation.