Техника деконструкции картины мира

Abstract

The article is intended as an approbation of a new technique aimed at deconstructing the world view as a whole. The proposed technique is based on the analysis of functional, text-semantic and text-syntactic patterns of text organization. The latter is interpreted as a product of the speech-thinking activity of native speakers of a language and culture in certain communicative conditions, as a solution to a certain communicative and cognitive task. Therefore, the choice of means of solving it is determined not only by the specifics of the personal identity of the subjects of cognition and communication, but also by the peculiarities of the collective identity of the collective subject. The appeal at the current stage of the development of linguistic research to the problem of “world view” is explained by the lack of methods in the special literature, thanks to which it would be possible to reconstruct the world view of the subject’s world as a whole. Textual and cognitive arguments are presented in favor of the adequacy of the “crossword” text type as an empirical material that provides an adequate deconstruction of the world view as a whole. The author pays special attention to different types of knowledge shared by all native speakers of the language and culture: conventional knowledge, precedent knowledge, memes. The methods of activating information about the world that dominate in the Russian and German language cultures are calculated, and the means of objectification of this information are described. The dominant methods of objectification of information about the world, most demanded by the speakers of the analyzed language cultures, are determined in the crossword puzzle. The author proposes the interpretation of the identified comparable and different characteristics in the objectification of the same type of information about the world in the studied language cultures and reveals the general theoretical and applied potential of the proposed technique of deconstruction of the world view as a whole is revealed.