МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОДИНАМИЧЕСКОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ НЕТУРБУЛЕНТНОГО ПРИЗЕМНОГО СЛОЯ

Abstract

The article presents an electrodynamic model of the atmospheric surface layer caused bythe action of the electrode effect near the earth's surface, and an analysis of its equations by methodsof similarity theory. Mathematical models of the surface layer electrical state in the approximationsof the classical and turbulent electrode effect are considered separately. In the mathematicalformulation of modeling problems, a number of well-founded physical assumptions were createdthat made it possible to obtain analytical solutions to the equations. Analytical formulas havebeen obtained for calculating the profiles of aeroion concentrations, the density of the space electriccharge and the electric field in the electrode layer. As a result of mathematical modeling, thedependences of the electrical characteristics distribution in the surface layer on the values of theelectric field, the degree of air ionization and aerosol pollution of the atmosphere are investigated.It is shown that the ratio of the electric field values on the earth's surface and at the upper boundaryof the electrode layer is almost constant. The increasing of the electric field, the rate of airionization and the presence of sufficient concentration aerosol particles leads to a decrease in thethickness of the electrode layer and, as a consequence, the scale of distribution of its parameters.An amplification in the degree of ionization increases, and an increase in the concentration ofaerosol particles in the atmosphere decreases the values of the electric charge density in the surfacelayer. Theoretical calculations are in good agreement with experimental data and the resultsof numerical modeling of the surface layer electrical structure. The analytical formulas obtainedin the work for calculating the electrical characteristics of the surface layer and the results ofcalculations can be useful in solving a number of applied problems of geophysics, in particular formonitoring the electrical state of the atmosphere.