Категории эвакуированного населения в годы Великой Отечественной войны в делопроизводственной документации местных органов власти (по материалам Молотовской области)

Abstract

A significant phenomenon in the years of the Great Patriotic War was the evacuation of population, enterprises and institutions to the Eastern regions of the country which changed to a great extent the appearance and gave a new impetus to the economic and socio-cultural development of the rear regions. Molotov region was one of these territories. The Executive Committee of the Molotovsky regional Council of Workers ' Deputies (regional Executive Committee) was responsible for organizing the reception of evacuees, and the city and district Executive committees, village councils, and collective farms were directly responsible for housing the evacuated population. Analysis of the records of local authorities provides an opportunity to study the policy implemented on the ground in relation to the evacuated population. The sources of the study were the documents of local authorities deposited in the funds of the regional Executive Committee, city and district Executive committees of Molotov region, but the funds are presented unevenly. The author comes to the conclusion that in practice of city and district authorities the work with certain categories of the evacuated population occured due to the administrative documents of the Molotov regional Executive Committee, operational tasks for supplying the evacuated population and their employment. It should be noted that the evacuated population as an integral group appeared mainly in summer and autumn 1941, when the main task facing the authorities was the rapid deployment of citizens. A significant ranking during this period was provided by the type of evacuation – organized arrived evacuated population (with enterprises and institutions) and unorganized arrived population (single). Further, in the recordkeeping documentation the ranking of the evacuation population according to definite categories was provided primarily when solving the problems of social supply of citizens and at their statistical accounting. According to the documents a number of groups being under special attention of the local authorities were identified among the evacuated population: children, engineering and technical workers of enterprises arriving for evacuation, evacuated families of red army soldiers, front – line soldiers, families of the red Army command staff, families of responsible party workers. Significant specifics in the mechanisms of work with evac population in certain districts of Molotov region have not been identified.