Неолит лесостепного Зауралья и Прииртышья: новейшие исследования и периодизация

Abstract

Recently, the issue of neolitization of Transurals is dominated by two basic concepts that are opposed to each other: the sequencing of traditions as Koshkino-Boborykino by V. T. Kovaleva and as Boborykino-Koshkino by V. A. Zakh. Kozlovo complexes of early Neolithic (by V. T. Kovaleva) are attributed to the late Neolithic with Poludenka materials (by V. A. Zakh). The comb tradition of decorating ceramic pots has been regarded as a component of the late (final) Neolithic or already as part of the Aeneolithic. Both concepts are based on sometimes contradictory stratigraphic situations and single (also sometimes contradictory) radiocarbon dates. The goal is to attempt to consider the periodization of the Neolithic in these regions, in accordance with the new data of radiocarbon dating. Based on the analysis of all the available radiocarbon dates we can say that the Neolithic period of the Transurals was generally within VI – V millennia BC. and included two phases: the Early Neolithic (Koshkino and Kozlovo tradition) – the end of the VII–VI millennia BC, and the Late Neolithic (Poludenka and Boborykino tradition) – V millennium BC. In the forest-steppe Irtysh area periodization we can identify two stages: the Early Neolithic with single artifacts from burials and the Late Neolithic with two traditions – Boborykino and Artyn.