Особенности отбора и оценки крупноплодного подсолнечника кондитерского назначения для условий Западной Сибири

Abstract

Sunflower breeding (Helianthus annuus L.) in Siberia aims first on the development of very early maturing genotypes resistant to pathogens. The development of large-seeded confectionary sunflower varieties is one of the breeding directions at the Siberian experimental station – a branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (Isilkul, Omsk region). Perspective sunflower samples of confectionary type bred at the Siberian experimental station were studied in 2001–2012. A middle maturing variety Baloven and early maturing Sibirsky 12 developed at the station are included into the State register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation and permitted for production in the Western Siberian region (10). The experiments were conducted on a breeding field of the Siberian experimental station (the southern forest-steppe zone of western Siberia). Planting of nurseries, observations and accounts were carried out according to the procedure developed at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. Using as an example a breeding process of the sunflower variety Sibirsky 12, we showed peculiarities of selection and evaluation of confectionary sunflower for the conditions of Western Siberia. This variety was developed by a method of the multiple individual selection of very early biotypes from the variety-population Baloven and the interpollination of the best families at free flowering. Long-term data of the breeding process of the variety Sibirsky 12 are published first. The variety was submitted for the state variety trial (SVT) in 2012, included into the State register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation in 2015. A patent for the variety Sibirsky 12 has a date of invention 06.11.2012, the authors’ certificates are received. Currently this variety is actively included into the development of new breeding material having parameters of a confectionary variety.