СПОРТИВНА ТЕОРІЯ ПОХОДЖЕННЯ ДЕРЖАВИ Х. ОРТЕГИ-І-ГАСЕТА

Abstract

The theory of sport of H. Ortegi-y-Gasset, its ont-epistemological and socio-historical principles is interpreted. The sports theory of the origins of the state of Ortega is an element and justification of the concepts of rationalism and perspective. The origin of the state is interpreted by the Iberian ambivalently – as a result of irrational passion, the awakening of the creative and erotic enthusiasm of young men who have devoted themselves to the sporty-aristocratic type of life and sustainable socio-economic processes, a certain historical maturity of the people, and the maturity of the people. The process of state formation took place in an agony – a spontaneously competitive atmosphere of self-improvement of all participants in the struggle. Agon is characterized by cruelty and the desire for institutional unity, which laid the foundation for a new social order – a heterogeneous state, where the individual had greater autonomy and freedom than in the past homogeneous hordes. The formation of the state also accompanied the formation of new, worldviews, which opened a new level of rationalization of social life and cultural and military expansion and became the basis for the formation of social harmony (concordia) between the "age classes", between men and women, between blood relatives and related tribes. connections. Moreover, in order to preserve the new form of social order and prevent a state of misunderstanding, break the consolidation of social units (discordia), all social strata had to maintain the social elasticity and militaryhierarchical structure, which is headed by a representative body of the old generations and representative. The newest ideas were fixed by the mythological tradition, festive rituals and the principle of state violence. Also, the formation of the state formed a new anthropological type – women agreeing to their abduction, submit to the ruler and willingness to be the sole owner of the house – a private, and a man – an ascetic warrior, the owner of a woman and the creator of a new form of family (monogamous), with her cell – home. With the formation of a new form of family, the emergence of the institute of private property and the state, man reached the newest horizons of freedom – he was given freedom from the old blood-related control, a relative social opportunity to independently determine their future, and therefore the future of their people.