جبران خليل جبران في تطوير الأدب العربي الحديث

Abstract

Jubran Khalil Jubran(1883-1931)was a prominent figure in modern Arabic literature. He is Lebanese Christian Maronites who isknown as Kahlil Gibran. According to Arab tradition, giving a name to achild consists of 3 syllables indicating 3 names themselves. First Name (Jubran) is his own name; The second name (Khalil) is the name of his father, and the third name (Jubran) is the name of his grandfather, who then constituted a kind of hereditary family names fromt he same grandfather. Because he lived overseas in America, acculturation himself ensued. According to the West tradition, he only uses two syllables, namely Khalil Jubran. Bu tthe Americans difficulty pronouncing the letter kha ( ‫خ‬ ) of the name Khalil ( ‫خليل‬ ), then the pronunciation then becomes Kahlil. Actually, transliteration is wrong and there are no Arabic names are written as Kahlil ( ‫كهليل‬ ). But Khalil used it to ease the public naming him without any difficulties. Meanwhile, the name of Jubran changes to Gibran because of transitioning dialect. In some Arab region, such as Egypt and Lebanon, people pronounce the letter ( ‫ج‬ ) into gim. So the name Gubranis pronounced Jubran, but later became lighter pronounced Gibran. Later his name as Khalil Gibran or Kahlil Gibran. Since his childhood, Gibran has been through a period of assimilation and acculturation of two cultures—East and West—working and breezing a rich imagination, spectacular, and ‘crazy’ from the souls of rebellion and gentleness on human values without border of culture and religion. Therefore, he is an Arabic literary figure overseas who express the value of humanity, love, and justice in his works. Among his contributions to the Arabic literary are enrich the diversity of literature with poetry and prose lyrics, spreading flow of symbolic and voicing of oppressed people. Through his work, he voiced a sense of love and longing for true justice until his death.