БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНОЙ СФЕРЫ РОССИИ И КИТАЯ: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

The article analyzes the indicators of the budgetary financing of the sociocultural sphere in 2008–2017 based on the official statistical reports by Russian and Chinese authorities. Within the framework of structural analysis of budget expenditures in both countries, the priority of these areas for the expanded budget of the Russian Federation has been identified, whereas the sociocultural block is given only a small share in the structure of the state budget expenditures of the People’s Republic of China. The analysis of the dynamics of the budgetary spending on social and cultural events during the studied period showed a significant increase in such spending in China, with a slowdown in growth in Russia. Special attention was paid to the analysis of expenditures on the sociocultural block in the GDP volume. It was found that the Russian spending on sociocultural events in the GDP volume was gradually approaching the numbers in developed countries. This corresponds to the global trends in the leading countries characterized by increased expenditures on social protection due to the influence of factors such as the aging of the population, declining birth rates, and increasing unemployment. It is emphasized that China’s spending on sociocultural events in the GDP volume is significantly inferior to the indicators of the world’s leading economies and is aimed more at financing education, which is justified by the conditions of the “catching-up” stage. The author concludes that modern threats and challenges determine the need to adjust priorities and volumes of the state funding of sociocultural activities in China and Russia.