Abstract
The article presents a retrospective analysis of jurislinguistic knowledge in the context of Western science. The basic principles of legal linguistics as a neophilological direction of modern humanities are determined, the ideas of new scientific concepts that are dominant in the Western world are actualized, the key principles of jurisliguistics as a prospective field are determined. There were comprehensively analyzed the papers on jurislinguistics, linguoexpertology, linguoconflictology, which are authoritative in modern science. Emphasis is made, in particular, on the Canadian, American and Western European (French, German, Polish, Czech, etc.) schools of jurisliguistics as fundamental in the formation of neodirection. Thus, the American school is associated with the name of P. Tiersma, who introduced the concept of 'legal linguistics' into scientific area; for the Canadian school, the key aspect of the analysis was in the connection between social linguistics and law, which was realized in the works of J. Tori, D. Heller, etc.; in France at the initiative of progressive linguists A. Martin, J. Ray and others the International Society for Functional Linguistics was established, and it is also associated with legal linguistics development. In the Slavic world, jurislinguistics was especially actualized in Poland (J. Brzezki, A. Malinowski, etc.) and in Czech Republic (W. Knapp). Nowadays, jurislinguistics is actively developing in local fields – legal stylistics, forensic examination, legal translation, legal terminology, history of legal language, legal linguomethodology, etc. The authors analyze various studies and the publications of the most influential schools in this interdisciplinary field. The main achievements and prospects of development of linguistic approaches in connection with the needs of justice in the globalized world are discussed. Particular attention is paid to scientific problems that have not yet been considered in the modern jurislinguistics literature.
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