Синтетические и аналитические аспектуальные формы монгольского глагола в количественном освещении

Abstract

Goals. The article attempts to analyze the synthetic and analytical aspectual forms of the Mongolian verb in a quantitative perspective. Materials. The calculation was done on the materials of the General Corpus of the Mongolian Language, and the degree of use of aspectual forms is studied. Results. The paper discusses the issue of distinguishing between synthetic and analytical forms is discussed, delineates certain classes of forms. The following subsystems are distinguished in the system of synthetic forms: 1) subsystem of synthetic verb forms of participial representation, 2) subsystem of synthetic verb forms of predicative-indicative representation, 3) subsystem of synthetic verb forms of adverbial (converbial) representation, 4) subsystem of synthetic verb forms of stem-formation. Within the framework of the generalized system of verbal grammatical forms, analytical aspectual forms are also distinguished. The work characterizes some most common analytical aspectual forms. The most common of them is the analytical form of the ‘progressive’ (// ‘continuative’) formed by combining the synthetic taxis form of the congressional participle (with - ж) (CVB.CNGR) with the connective (existential) verb бай-(х) (lit. ‘ be’). A fragment of the table of the frequency of grammatical forms included in the (analytically expressed) grammeme ‘progressive’ is shown.