ДЕФЕКТИ МОНОЛІТНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ СПОРУД І МОЖЛИВІ ШЛЯХИ ЇХ УСУНЕННЯ

Abstract

Introduction. Defects that occur during the operation of monolithic transport structures, in particular overpasses, rectangular pipes and cattle drives, are considered. A comprehensive approach to the selection of constructive solutions, materials and technologies is proposed for their prevention and improvement of some provisions of the current norms for the design of such structures. Problem Statement. In the constructions of span structures of monolithic rectangular pipes, overpasses and cattle runs, during their operation under load, transverse cracks of the span structure appear, as well as shrinkage cracks, which can harm their normal operation. Purpose. The purpose of the work is the need to draw the attention of balance-keepers of structures, work customers and project organizations to the importance of ensuring proper indicators of the operational condition of transport structures at all stages of the life cycle, from project development and construction to the performance of regular work on their operational maintenance. Materials and methods. Research methods consist in identifying the influence of structural defects of monolithic transport structures on durability and safe operation. Analytical materials were used, in particular, based on the results of supervision of monolithic transport structures during the implementation of scientific support for their construction or reconstruction, as well as based on the results of survey and diagnostic work during the updating and filling of the analytical expert bridge management system (AESUM) at the facilities Poltava region. Results. The paper analyzes and provides recommendations for preventing cracking and eliminating defects in the constructions of monolithic transport structures. Conclusions. Monolithic transport facilities require complex solutions for the design of span structures and coverings, ensuring the proper organization of water drainage and compliance with the requirements of current regulatory documents and technological regulations during construction and operational works. When performing calculations of monolithic span structures of transport facilities, stricter requirements should be put forward regarding crack resistance indicators when calculating the formation and opening of cracks. It is also necessary to pay more attention to the technology of installing a cement-concrete coating. In order to reliably establish the bearing capacity of monolithic span structures, it is proposed to investigate dynamic effects during the inspection of structures and take into account the actual forces from moving loads in the presence of irregularities formed on the carriageway.