Реакция насосной функции сердца баскетболистов-колясочников на физическую нагрузку в зависимости от степени поражения опорно-двигательного аппарата

Abstract

Objective: to study the response of the pumping function of the heart of athletes with disabilities to standard muscle load. Materials and methods: the total number of examined athletes was 20 males aged 21 to 30 years. The athletes of the basketball team in wheelchairs were conditionally divided into two groups. The first group consists of wheelchair basketball players with amputated lower extremities. The second group is athletes with spinal lesions and atrophy of the lower extremities. A comparative analysis of heart rate and stroke volume was carried out at rest and after muscle load. Results: it can be argued that in basketball players with amputated lower extremities, heart rates at rest, according to our data, were significantly higher than in basketball players with atrophy of the lower extremities. It should also be noted that if athletes with amputated lower extremities, when performing a muscle load in the form of shuttle acceleration along the perimeter of the site, responded by increasing heart rate to 155,4 bpm, then athletes with atrophy of the lower extremities responded to the same load by increasing heart rate to 171,5 bpm The difference was 16,1 beats/min (p<0,05). Therefore, it can be argued that in basketball players – wheelchairs, the reaction of heart rate depends on the nature of the defeat of the musculoskeletal system. The most pronounced reaction of heart rate to the performance of muscle load was revealed by us in wheelchair basketball players with atrophy of the lower extremities. In basketball players with amputated lower extremities, indicators of shock volume of blood at rest were significantly lower than in basketball players with atrophy of the lower extremities. At the same time, it should be emphasized that athletes with amputated lower extremities, when performing physical activity in the form of shuttle acceleration along the perimeter of the site, responded with an increase in SVC to 85,4±2,0 ml, while athletes with atrophy of the lower limbs reacted to the same load with an increase in CRI only up to 78,4±1,6 ml. The difference was 7,0 ml (p<0,05). Consequently, it can be argued that in basketball players – wheelchairs, the reaction of the UOC to the performance of muscle load depends on the nature of the damage to the musculoskeletal system. According to our data, in athletes with amputations of the lower extremities, the results of the KLA reaction were slightly better compared to athletes with atrophy of the lower extremities. Conclusions: it was found that in wheelchair basketball players with amputated lower extremities, heart rates at rest were significantly higher, and CRI was lower than in athletes with spinal injuries. It was revealed that in wheelchair basketball players with amputated lower extremities after performing physical activity, smaller changes in the heart rate occur and the impact volume of the blood changes to a greater extent. Whereas, in athletes with spinal cord lesions, lesser changes in stroke volume are observed and heart rate indicators are more likely to change.