Медико-биологическое и социальное значение женского бесплодия

Abstract

As a result of the decline in the population, Russia has faced a number of economic and social problems related to the reduction of the working-age population, as well as the need to reform the existing pension system, one of the measures aimed at improving the demographic situation is the increase in the birth rate. The aim of the study is to study the medical, biological and social significance of female infertility on the basis of a literary review. The results of the review showed a high level of infertility both in Russia and around the world. Among the main medical and biological risk factors for female infertility are the high prevalence of harmful habits, the earlier age of entry into sexual life of the high rate of sexually transmitted infections, gynaecological incidence, the high rate of abortion, the postponement of the birth of children to an older age. Social factors include low family income, poor quality of life, poor relationships with spouses and dissatisfaction with sexual intimacy. The increase in the number of families with infertility indicates an increasing need for assisted reproductive technologies. In developed countries, assisted reproductive technologies produce between 0.4 and 4.0 % children. In Russia, 160836 children were born with assisted reproductive technologies from 2007 to 2013, and the contribution of assisted reproductive technologies to annual fertility increased almost 40 times (from 0.04 to 1.55 %). The conclusion: the restoration of women's reproductive health is one of the promising directions in raising the birth rate and restoring the demographic situation.