Вплив умов і параметрів формування базальтових неперервних волокон на їх міцність і стан поверхні

Abstract

Basalt continuous fibers are used in the development of new composite materials. The influence of various factors on the strength and formation of the surface microstructure of basalt continuous fibers is considered. An experimental determination of tensile strength was performed and the surface condition of continuous andesite-basalt fibers with a diameter of 8 to 10 μm fibers was investigated. It is established that the strength of fibers, among other factors, is influenced by the conditions of their production, which are determined by the drawing parameters: the production temperature, the level of melt in the feeder and the winding speed. The effect of production temperature on the strength of the fibers was the greatest. It was found that the fibers obtained at a production temperature of 1450 °C had a strength of 24—28% greater than that of the fibers obtained at a production temperature of 1400 °C. The separate influence of other parameters of drawing, the level of melt in the feeder and the winding speed on the strength of the fibers is less significant. A qualitative relationship between the state of the surface of the fibers and the conditions of their production at different parameters of formation. The greatest influence on the change in the state of the surface of the fibers has the temperature of fiber production. It is established that the surface of the fibers obtained at a production temperature of 1450 °C is more homogeneous with a small number of visible defects. On the other hand, on the surface of the fibers, which are obtained at a production temperature of 1400 ºC, there is a large number of defects. There is also an increase in the defect of the surface of the fibers, which are obtained at low levels of melt in the feeder and the winding speed. Keywords: continuous fibre, surface structure, strength, cooling rate, production temperature, winding speed, melt level in the feeder.