Распространенность, факторы риска и этнические особенности неисследованной диспепсии

Abstract

Background: in our country, studies on the prevalence of dyspepsia performed using the Rome IV criteria are rare, which makes it difficult to objectively compare Russian and international data, including ethnic characteristics. Aim: to study the prevalence and risk factors of uninvestigated dyspepsia in indigenous and foreign residents in rural areas of the Republic of Khakassia. Patients and Methods: continuous epidemiological screening (coverage 93.4%) of dyspepsia was performed in the villages Matur, Anchul, Verchnii Kurlugash, Nizhnie Siry, Bolshoy Bor, Bolshaya Seya, Verkhnyaya Seya, Inchul, Verkhnii Tashtyp of the Tashtyp district. A total of 2,080 newly-arrived residents (Caucasians, 911 males, average age 43.6 years) and 2,117 indigenous residents (Khakas, 978 males, average age 42.9 years) were surveyed. Dyspepsia was studied in accordance with the recommendations of the Rome IV criteria. Epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome were distinguished. Due to the fact that endoscopic examination of patients was not used, dyspepsia was considered as uninvestigated dyspepsia. The presence of Helicobacter pylori was determined serologically in 566 Caucasians and 533 Khakas. The results of clinical examination and interview (social status, complaints, medical history) were recorded in the standard questionnaires. Results: uninvestigated dyspepsia was diagnosed in 24.6% of Caucasians and 19.2% of Khakas (p<0.001). Gender did not affect the prevalence of dyspepsia in Khakas. Among Caucasians, there was a tendency to more common detection of dyspepsia in women. The pain variant of dyspepsia prevailed in men in both populations. The incidence of postprandial distress syndrome among Caucasians was significantly higher in women. Other risk factors for dyspepsia in both populations were the following: age older than 50, Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking 20 or more cigarettes per day for more than 10 years, history of gallbladder pathology, acute viral hepatitis and helminthiasis. Conclusion: the data obtained allow to consider the influence of ethnicity on the prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia, including depending on gender identity. KEYWORDS: uninvestigated dyspepsia, ethnic characteristics, Helicobacter pylori, prevalence, risk factors. FOR CITATION: Tsukanov V.V., Vasyutin A.V., Tonkikh Yu.L. Prevalence, risk factors, and ethnic characteristics of uninvestigated dyspepsia. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(5):264–267. DOI: 10.32364/2587–6821–2020–4-5-263-267.